Macrophages are innate immune cells that form a 3D network in all our tissues, where they
phagocytose dying cells and cell debris, immune complexes, bacteria and other waste …

Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have allowed for comprehensive
analysis of the immune system. In this Review, we briefly describe the available scRNA-seq …

Niches are local tissue microenvironments that maintain and regulate stem cells.
Haematopoiesis provides a model for understanding mammalian stem cells and their …

The local microenvironment, or niche, of a cancer cell plays important roles in cancer
development. A major component of the niche is the extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex …

The reconstitution of lost bone is a subject that is germane to many orthopedic conditions
including fractures and non-unions, infection, inflammatory arthritis, osteoporosis …

In terrestrial vertebrates, bone tissue constitutes the 'osteoimmune'system, which functions
as a locomotor organ and a mineral reservoir as well as a primary lymphoid organ where …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves diverse functions and is a major component of the
cellular microenvironment. The ECM is a highly dynamic structure, constantly undergoing a …

Several cell types have been proposed to create niches for haematopoietic stem cells
(HSCs). However, the expression patterns of HSC maintenance factors have not been …

Stem cell niches are specialized microenvironments that promote the maintenance of stem
cells and regulate their function. Recent advances have improved our understanding of the …

Estrogens and androgens influence the growth and maintenance of the mammalian
skeleton and are responsible for its sexual dimorphism. Estrogen deficiency at menopause …