The advent of ribosome profiling and other tools to probe mRNA translation has revealed
that codon bias—the uneven use of synonymous codons in the transcriptome—serves as a …

Messenger RNA (mRNA) translation by the ribosome represents the final step of a
complicated molecular dance from DNA to protein. Although classically considered a …

Problems arising during translation of mRNAs lead to ribosome stalling and collisions that
trigger a series of quality control events. However, the global cellular response to ribosome …

Although it was long thought that eukaryotic translation almost always initiates at an AUG
start codon, recent advancements in ribosome footprint map** have revealed that non …

Ribosomes undergo substantial conformational changes during translation elongation to
accommodate incoming aminoacyl-tRNAs and translocate along the mRNA template. We …

During protein synthesis, ribosomes encounter many roadblocks, the outcomes of which are
largely determined by substrate availability, amino acid features and reaction kinetics …

Ribosome profiling has emerged as a technique for measuring translation comprehensively
and quantitatively by deep sequencing of ribosome-protected mRNA fragments. By …

The genetic code is degenerate, and most amino acids are encoded by two to six
synonymous codons. Codon usage bias, the preference for certain synonymous codons, is a …

The translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein and the folding of the resulting
protein into an active form are prerequisites for virtually every cellular process and represent …

Codon usage bias, the preference for certain synonymous codons, is found in all genomes.
Although synonymous mutations were previously thought to be silent, a large body of …