Humans are set apart from other animals by many elements of advanced cognition and
behaviour, including language, judgement and reasoning. What is special about the human …

Food intake regulation in humans is a complex process controlled by the dynamic
interaction of homeostatic and hedonic systems. Homeostatic regulation is controlled by …

Neuropathic pain is a pathological condition induced by a lesion or disease affecting the
somatosensory system, with symptoms like allodynia and hyperalgesia. It has a multifaceted …

Various aspects of human cognition are shaped and enriched by abstract rules, which help
to describe, link and classify discrete events and experiences into meaningful concepts …

As one of the thalamic midline nuclei, the thalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVT) is
considered to be an important signal integration site for many descending and ascending …

The sparse activity of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells (GCs) is thought to be
critical for cognition and behavior, whereas excessive DG activity may contribute to …

Descending pain inhibition is a key component of physiological and pathological pain
processing. 70 Various neurotransmitter systems underlie different descending pain …

Motor and premotor cortices are crucial for the control of movements. However, we still know
little about how these areas contribute to higher-order motor control, such as deciding which …

The advent of optogenetics and chemogenetics has revolutionized the study of neural circuit
mechanisms of behavioral dysregulation in psychiatric disease. These powerful …

The field of neuromodulation is develo** rapidly. Current techniques, however, are still
limited as they i) either depend on permanent implants, ii) require invasive procedures, iii) …