Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a tumour that exhibits both
hepatocytic and biliary differentiation. Classical risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma …

The blood–brain barrier, which is formed by tightly interconnected microvascular endothelial
cells, separates the brain from the peripheral circulation. Together with other central nervous …

DNA damage and neurodegenerative disorders are intimately linked but the underlying
mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that persistent DNA lesions in tissue-resident …

Neurodegenerative disorders are complex, progressive, and life-threatening. They cause
mortality and disability for millions of people worldwide. Appropriate treatment for …

The bioengineerined and whole matured human brain organoids stand as highly valuable
three-dimensional in vitro brain-mimetic models to recapitulate in vivo brain development …

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells which give rise to all
components of the central nervous system (CNS) during embryogenesis, but also activate in …

Background Testicular architecture and sperm production are supported by a complex
network of communication between various cell types. These signals ensure fertility by …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease in young
patients and is characterized by the loss of pancreatic β cells; as a result, the body becomes …

Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) are critical metabolic enzymes that catalyze the oxidative
decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (αKG), NAD (P) H, and CO2. IDHs …

The photosensitive S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) could respond to light irradiation to produce
nitric oxide (NO), exhibiting tremendous potential in accelerating peripheral nerve …