Evapotranspiration (ET)—the distribution and partitioning of which is strongly mediated by
vegetation—is central to the water, energy and carbon cycles. In this Review, we examine …

Green water—terrestrial precipitation, evaporation and soil moisture—is fundamental to
Earth system dynamics and is now extensively perturbed by human pressures at continental …

Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and
drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack …

Abstract Theory predicts that rising CO2 increases global photosynthesis, a process known
as CO2 fertilization, and that this is responsible for much of the current terrestrial carbon …

Photosynthesis is an important remaining opportunity for further improvement in the genetic
yield potential of our major crops. Measurement, analysis, and improvement of leaf CO2 …

As global land surface temperature continues to rise and heatwave events increase in
frequency, duration, and/or intensity, our key food and fuel crop** systems will likely face …

The enhanced vegetation productivity driven by increased concentrations of carbon dioxide
(CO2)[ie, the CO2 fertilization effect (CFE)] sustains an important negative feedback on …

An exponential rise in the atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is among the most
consequential impacts of climate change in terrestrial ecosystems. Rising VPD has negative …