Increasing evidence indicates that immunotherapy is hindered by a hostile tumor
microenvironment (TME) featured with deprivation of critical nutrients and pooling of …

Among the various immunological and non-immunological tumor-promoting activities of
myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), their immunosuppressive capacity remains a …

Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is activated in chronic inflammatory states,
eg, in the aging process and age-related diseases. IDO1 enzyme catabolizes L-tryptophan …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) impede antitumor immunity; however, the
precise mechanisms that regulate their suppressive function remain unresolved. Identifying …

Immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) demonstrated inspiring effect and great promise in anti-
cancer therapy. However, many obstacles, such as drug resistance and difficulty in patient …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are starting to transform the treatment for patients with
advanced cancer. The extensive application of these antibodies for various cancer obtains …

Inflammation has accompanied human beings since the emergence of wounds and
infections. In the past decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken to explore the …

Cancer treatment faces many hurdles and resistance is one among them. Anti-cancer
treatment strategies are evolving due to innate and acquired resistance capacity, governed …

Widespread coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is causing pneumonia, respiratory and
multiorgan failure in susceptible individuals. Dysregulated immune response marks severe …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of bone marrow
cells originating from immature myeloid cells. They exert potent immunosuppressive activity …