Fetal well-being is commonly assessed by monitoring the fetal heart rate (fHR). In clinical
practice, the de facto standard technology for fHR monitoring is based on the Doppler …

Monitoring fetal heart rate (FHR) through cardiotocography is crucial for the early diagnosis
of fetal distress situations, necessitating prompt obstetrical intervention. However, FHR …

Monitoring fetal heart rate (FHR) variability plays a fundamental role in fetal state
assessment. Reliable FHR signal can be obtained from an invasive direct fetal …

Fetal heart rate (FHR) is very significant to evaluate the status of fetus. However, based on
traditional classification criteria is not accurate. With the rapid development of computer …

This paper introduces a modified technique based on Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) to
improve the spectrum estimates of heart rate variability (HRV). In order to make the beat-to …

Background The currently used fetal monitoring instrumentation that is based on Doppler
ultrasound technique provides the fetal heart rate (FHR) signal with limited accuracy. It is …

One-dimensional Doppler ultrasound (1D-DUS) provides a low-cost and simple method for
acquiring a rich signal for use in cardiovascular screening. However, despite the use of 1D …

The fetal Doppler Ultrasound (DUS) is commonly used for monitoring fetal heart rate and
can also be used for identifying the event timings of fetal cardiac valve motions. In early …

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a particularly valuable quantitative marker of the flexibility and
balance of the autonomic nervous system. Significant advances in software programs to …

Cardiotocography is the monitoring of fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions
(TOCO), used routinely since the 1960s by obstetricians to detect fetal hypoxia. The …