Mining has been a long-standing key player in economic development, employment,
infrastructure, and supply of essential raw materials for society. It has served as a viable …

Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally sound approach, which uses
plants to immobilize/stabilize, extract, decay, or lessen toxicity and contaminants. Despite …

Formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is a widespread environmental issue that has not
subsided throughout decades of continuing research. Highly acidic and highly concentrated …

Mine tailings are detrimental to natural plant growth due to their physicochemical
characteristics, such as high pH, high salinity, low water retention capacity, high heavy metal …

The mining industry has historically served as a critical reservoir of essential raw materials
driving global economic progress. Nevertheless, the consequential by-product known as …

Mining industries produce vast waste streams that pose severe environmental pollution
challenge. Conventional techniques of treatment are usually inefficient and unsustainable …

Bauxite residue (Red mud) is produced in alumina plants by the Bayer process in which Al-
containing minerals are dissolved in hot NaOH. The global residue inventory reached an …

Halophytes are widely distributed worldwide and thrive in a wide range of environments
such as coastal salt marshes, dunes, saline depressions, and inland deserts. They are also …

Urban civilization has a high impact on the environment and human health. The pollution
level of indoor air can be 2–5 times higher than the outdoor air pollution, and sometimes it …

Mining of mineral resources results in extensive soil damage, altering microbial communities
and affecting vegetation leading to destruction of vast amounts of land. Reclamation is the …