The high reliability of modern engineering systems is achieved by performing predictive
maintenance. Mathematical models based on stochastic timed colored Petri nets are an …

Plant simulations can implement a digital twin. The digital twin is a mirror of the physical
asset and shows the state of the assets and the processes at any time during production …

Virtual commissioning (VC) is a method used to virtually visualize and test production
systems, control logic and material flows. The focus of this paper is to further extend this …

When changes are performed on an automated production system (aPS), new faults can be
accidentally introduced into the system, which are called regressions. A common method for …

The digital twin is an increasingly popular concept with broad applications in industrial
plants, such as fault-diagnosis and optimization. A central element in such digital twins is an …

Today, the verification of the control logic of automation projects is mainly a manual task
during real commissioning phase on the physical installation. This involves a lot of risks …

A variety of virtual engineering and commissioning tools are available in the market.
However, the considerations of the manufacturing system's life cycle and the development of …

The use of virtual commissioning has increased in the last decade, but there are still
challenges before the software code validation method is widespread in use. One of the …

Digital factories and smart manufacturing systems have been increasingly researched and
multiple concepts were developed to cope with prevailing ever-shortening life-cycles. The …

Digital twin (DT) technology provides accurate virtual replicas of the physical entities with
consideration of geometry, kinematics, and dynamics. Thus performance of computerized …