Medical robots are invaluable players in non‐pharmaceutical treatment of disabilities.
Particularly, using prosthetic and rehabilitation devices with human–machine interfaces can …

Spatial and temporal control over chemical and biological processes plays a key role in life,
where the whole is often much more than the sum of its parts. Quite trivially, the molecules of …

Both observational and perturbational technologies are essential for advancing the
understanding of brain function and dysfunction. But while observational techniques have …

Genetically encoded, single-component optogenetic tools have made a significant impact on
neuroscience, enabling specific modulation of selected cells within complex neural tissues …

Reductions in blood flow to the brain of sufficient duration and extent lead to stroke, which
results in damage to neuronal networks and the impairment of sensation, movement or …

Optogenetic methods have emerged as powerful tools for dissecting neural circuit
connectivity, function and dysfunction. We used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) …

Elucidation of the neural substrates underlying complex animal behaviors depends on
precise activity control tools, as well as compatible readout methods. Recent developments …

Optogenetics is an optical technique that exploits visible light for selective neuromodulation
with spatio‐temporal precision. Despite enormous effort, the effective stimulation of targeted …

Spinal cord injuries often occur at the cervical level above the phrenic motor pools, which
innervate the diaphragm. The effects of impaired breathing are a leading cause of death …

In order to understand how the brain generates behaviors, it is important to be able to
determine how neural circuits work together to perform computations. Because neural …