The quark–gluon plasma (QGP) produced by collisions between ultrarelativistic heavy
nuclei is well described in the language of hydrodynamics. Noncentral collisions are …

Many novel quantum phenomena emerge in non-equilibrium relativistic quantum matter
under extreme conditions such as strong magnetic fields and rotations. The quantum kinetic …

The extreme energy densities generated by ultra-relativistic collisions between heavy atomic
nuclei produce a state of matter that behaves surprisingly like a fluid, with exceptionally high …

The Λ (Λ¯) hyperon polarization along the beam direction has been measured in Au+ Au
collisions at s NN= 200 GeV, for the first time in heavy-ion collisions. The polarization …

Global hyperon polarization, P¯ H, in Au+ Au collisions over a large range of collision
energy, s NN, was recently measured and successfully reproduced by hydrodynamic and …

Abstract This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective
of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 …

We derive the Boltzmann equation and the collision kernel for massive spin-1/2 particles,
using the Wigner-function formalism and employing an expansion in powers of ℏ. The …

The system created in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions is known to behave as an almost
ideal liquid. In noncentral collisions, because of the large orbital momentum, such a system …

Polarized quarks and antiquarks in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can lead to the spin
alignment of vector mesons formed by quark coalescence. Using the relativistic spin …

We derive relativistic second-order dissipative fluid-dynamical equations of motion for
massive spin-1/2 particles from kinetic theory using the method of moments. Besides the …