Recently, a novel physiologically active peptide, kisspeptin (metastin), has been reported to
facilitate sexual maturation and ovulation by directly stimulating GnRH neurons in several …

Accumulating evidence suggests that up to three different molecular species of GnRH
peptides encoded by different paralogs of gnrh genes are expressed by anatomically distinct …

Angling for muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) is a specialized endeavor involving species-
specific equipment and handling procedures. The latter were developed by anglers with little …

Many types of neurons and glia exhibit oscillatory changes in membrane potentials and
cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentrations. In neurons and neuroendocrine cells an elevation of …

In this article, we describe the basic aspects of the structure and function of the olfactory
system in the major groups of vertebrates. For each group, we discuss the behavioral …

The terminal nerve (TN)-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons project widely in
the brain instead of the pituitary and show endogenous pacemaker activity that is dependent …

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) is a decapeptide, which has been isolated from
the hypothalamus as a releasing hormone of gonadotropins from the pituitary. However …

It has become a general notion that there are multiple GnRH systems in the vertebrate
brains. To measure GnRH release activities from different GnRH systems, we conducted a …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the physiology and release activity of
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The GnRH was first isolated from the …

Publisher Summary Animals flexibly adjust their physiological and behavioral actions in
response to a changing environment. The peptidergic nervous system is believed to play an …