Shadow enhancers are seemingly redundant transcriptional cis-regulatory elements that
regulate the same gene and drive overlap** expression patterns. Recent studies have …

Animal genomes are folded in topologically associating domains (TADs) that have been
linked to the regulation of the genes they contain by constraining regulatory interactions …

Establishing causal links between non-coding variants and human phenotypes is an
increasing challenge. Here, we introduce a high-throughput mouse reporter assay for …

Paired fins are a major innovation, that evolved in the jawed vertebrate lineage after
divergence from living jawless vertebrates. Extinct jawless armoured stem gnathostomes …

Ancient bony fishes had heterocercal tails, like modern sharks and sturgeons, with
asymmetric caudal fins and a vertebral column extending into an elongated upper lobe …

Glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, are the major components
in the central nervous system (CNS). Studies have revealed the heterogeneity of each glial …

A critical question in biology is how new traits evolve, but studying this in wild animals
remains challenging. Here, we probe the genetic basis of trait gain in sea robin fish, which …

The medaka is a fish that has served as a model organism for over a century, yet there is still
much to learn about its life in the wild. Here we summarize the current knowledge, highlight …

Neural stem cell (NSC) based therapies are at the forefront of regenerative medicine
strategies to combat illness and injury of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to …

In many animal hosts, microbial symbionts are housed within specialized structures known
as symbiotic organs, but the evolutionary origins of these structures have rarely been …