As the penetration of distributed energy resources based on renewable sources increases,
several technical challenges are introduced into energy grids. These include real-time …

Discerning weak electric fields has important implications for cosmology, quantum
technology, and identifying power system failures. Photonic integration of electric field …

A high-sensitivity electrode-free photonic electric field (E-field) sensor is introduced on a thin
film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. An integrated Michelson interferometer, constructed by …

Increasing voltage levels and realizing power-line communications are important parts of a
smart grid, and because of this, the need for intelligent, digital, and multi-functional …

A novel intense electric field optical sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometer utilizing
LiNbO_3 crystal is proposed and demonstrated. Compared to the traditional bulk-type …

Composite insulators are prone to internal conductive defects owing to their long-term high-
voltage operation and outdoor aging. In this study, a method based on eddy current pulsed …

With the development of Internet of Things technology and artificial intelligence, the electric
field sensor is required to be miniaturized, high performance, and low cost. At present, the …

Integrated optical waveguide sensor has characteristics of good insulation, broadband
response and small size. A LiNbO 3 (LN) integrated optical waveguide sensor based on a …

Electric field sensors based on LiNbO 3 are attractive for use in high-intensity transient
electric field measurements. However, the working bias of such sensors is easily influenced …

Multiconductor systems, such as overhead lines and multicore cables, are widely used in
smart grids for their reliable power transmission capabilities. However, measuring the …