The ability to produce water-soluble proteins with the capacity to oligomerize and form pores
within cellular lipid bilayers is a trait conserved among nearly all forms of life, including …

Staphylococcal γ-hemolysin (Hlg), leukocidin (Luk), and Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)
are two-component and hetero-oligomeric pore-forming cytolytic toxins (or cytolysin), that …

To determine whether Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements can provide
quantitative distance information in single-molecule fluorescence experiments on …

Studies with tracking of single nanoparticles are providing new insights into the interactions
and processes involved in the transport of drug carriers in living mice. Here, we report the …

Pore-forming proteins (PFPs), involved in host–pathogen interactions, are produced as
soluble, generally monomeric, proteins. To convert from the soluble to the transmembrane …

Staphylococcal γ-hemolysin is a bicomponent pore-forming toxin composed of LukF and
Hlg2. These proteins are expressed as water-soluble monomers and then assemble into the …

Bacteria, as well as higher organisms such as sea anemones or earthworms, have
developed sophisticated virulence factors such as the pore-forming toxins (PFTs) to mount …

Single molecule FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) is a powerful technique for
detecting real-time conformational changes and molecular interactions during biological …

Pore-forming toxins are protein assemblies used by many organisms to disrupt the
membranes of target cells. They are expressed as soluble monomers that assemble …

Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter
baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. are part of a …