Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis : CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in
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Comorbid conditions commonly affect people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Population-based
studies indicate that people with MS have an increased incidence of ischemic heart disease …

Comorbidities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has become an area of increasing
interest in the recent years. A comorbidity is defined as any additional disease that coexists …

We performed a meta-analysis to synthesize evidence on the efficacy and safety of physical
exercise as an add-on therapeutic intervention for quality of life (QoL), depressive symptoms …

Depressive disorders occur in up to 50% of people living with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Prevalence estimates are generally 2–3-times higher than those of the general population …

Most efforts aimed at understanding the notable heterogeneity of outcomes in multiple
sclerosis (MS) have focused on disease-specific factors, such as symptoms at initial …

Due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, it is a challenge to capture disease activity
of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a reliable and valid way. Therefore, it can be difficult to assess …

Objective Emerging evidence suggests that comorbidity may influence disability outcomes in
multiple sclerosis (MS); we investigated the association between psychiatric comorbidity and …

Importance Cigarette smoking is a common environmental exposure and addiction, which
has severe health consequences. Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS); also …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of
the central nervous system (CNS), most likely autoimmune in origin, usually beginning in …