Abstracts To evaluate the dynamic reliability of railway systems comprehensively, the
amplitude, wavelength, and probability characteristics of track irregularities are considered …

Train running safety when crossing bridges is an important issue due to the catastrophic
consequences of possible derailments. Recent developments in railway technology have …

Traditionally, regulations employ semi-probabilistic methods with partial safety factors to
control design limits. Calibrating these partial safety factors involves estimating the target …

Flexibility of ring gear rims significantly affects the mechanical properties of planetary
transmissions at both levels of gear tooth meshing and system power sharing, and is one of …

The evolution of high-speed railways has shifted from extensive construction to long-term,
secure operation. Over time, these railways face structural deformations due to specific …

In recent years, the surrogate-assisted reliability-based design optimization (RBDO)
methods have been continuously developed, and numerous advanced optimization …

Traditional mean value methods of the performance measure approach (PMA) for the
reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) problem may experience nonconvergence or …

The increasing speeds of modern trains lead to excessive vibrations on the bridges, which
have the potential to destabilize the ballast particles. The occurrence of this phenomenon …

The operational safety of high-speed trains traversing ballasted bridges is contingent upon
the prevention of the ballast destabilization, which can interrupt load transfer from the rail to …

Abstract Reliability-based Design Optimization (RBDO) is a nested optimization approach.
This paper emphasizes the importance of improving computational efficiency by reducing …