Hot Jupiters were the first exoplanets to be discovered around main sequence stars and
astonished us with their close-in orbits. They are a prime example of how exoplanets have …

The detection and characterization of large populations of pebbles in protoplanetary disks
have motivated the study of pebble accretion as a driver of planetary growth. This review …

The exoplanet population characterized by relatively short orbital periods (P< 100 d) around
solar-type stars is dominated by super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. However, these planets …

Our understanding of planet formation has been rapidly evolving in recent years. The
classical planet formation theory, developed when the only known planetary system was our …

Astronomers have discovered thousands of planets outside the Solar System, most of which
orbit stars that will eventually evolve into red giants and then into white dwarfs. During the …

Probing the connection between a star's metallicity and the presence and properties of any
associated planets offers an observational link between conditions during the epoch of …

Black hole binary systems with companion stars are typically found via their x-ray emission,
generated by interaction and accretion. Noninteracting binaries are expected to be plentiful …

The basic geometry of the Solar System—the shapes, spacings, and orientations of the
planetary orbits—has long been a subject of fascination as well as inspiration for planet …

As the search for Earth-like exoplanets gathers pace, in order to understand them, we need
comprehensive theories for how planetary atmospheres form and evolve. Written by two well …

Super-Earths–planets with sizes between the Earth and Neptune–are found in tighter orbits
than that of the Earth around more than one third of main sequence stars. It has been …