Industrial silicon solar cells applying the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept—A review
T Dullweber, J Schmidt - IEEE journal of photovoltaics, 2016 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Even though the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept was introduced as a
laboratory-type solar cell in 1989, it took 25 years to transfer this concept into industrial mass …
laboratory-type solar cell in 1989, it took 25 years to transfer this concept into industrial mass …
PERC+: industrial PERC solar cells with rear Al grid enabling bifaciality and reduced Al paste consumption
T Dullweber, C Kranz, R Peibst… - Progress in …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) solar cells are currently being introduced into mass
production. In this paper, we report a novel PERC solar cell design that applies a screen …
production. In this paper, we report a novel PERC solar cell design that applies a screen …
Review on screen printed metallization on p-type silicon
S Riegel, F Mutter, T Lauermann, B Terheiden, G Hahn - Energy Procedia, 2012 - Elsevier
Advanced solar cell contacts feature local contacts to p-and p+-Si. In this review existing
models for contact formation to p and p+-Si are presented. The formation of the local Al BSF …
models for contact formation to p and p+-Si are presented. The formation of the local Al BSF …
Analysis of local aluminum rear contacts of bifacial PERC+ solar cells
C Kranz, B Wolpensinger, R Brendel… - IEEE Journal of …, 2016 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A recently published industrial passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) solar cell concept
called PERC+ enables bifacial applications by printing an aluminum (Al) finger grid instead …
called PERC+ enables bifacial applications by printing an aluminum (Al) finger grid instead …
Al-Si contact formation involving back surface field and voids of PERC
G **ng, W Chen, H Tang, X Chen, B Feng, H Li… - Solar Energy Materials …, 2022 - Elsevier
Abstract Local Al–Si contacts are a vital part of passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) solar
cells. They are generally fabricated using laser ablation to open the passivation dielectric …
cells. They are generally fabricated using laser ablation to open the passivation dielectric …
Industrial Screen-Printed n-PERT-RJ Solar Cells: Efficiencies Beyond 22% and Open-Circuit Voltages Approaching 700 mV
ZW Peng, T Buck, LJ Koduvelikulathu… - IEEE Journal of …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Stable high voltages in solar cells can be transferred directly to modules with no losses and
are becoming increasingly important. Solar cells with high voltages have lower temperature …
are becoming increasingly important. Solar cells with high voltages have lower temperature …
Diffusion‐based model of local Al back surface field formation for industrial passivated emitter and rear cell solar cells
T Lauermann, B Fröhlich, G Hahn… - Progress in …, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
In this work, the back surface field (BSF) formation of locally alloyed Al‐paste contacts
employed in recent industrial passivated emitter and rear cell solar cell designs is …
employed in recent industrial passivated emitter and rear cell solar cell designs is …
Void formation in screen-printed local aluminum contacts modeled by surface energy minimization
C Kranz, U Baumann, B Wolpensinger… - Solar Energy Materials …, 2016 - Elsevier
We demonstrate that the presence of voids in local aluminum rear contacts of PERC solar
cells reduces the Al-BSF depths when compared to filled contacts. However, since voided …
cells reduces the Al-BSF depths when compared to filled contacts. However, since voided …
High-efficiency industrial PERC solar cells for monofacial and bifacial applications
T Dullweber - High-Efficient Low-Cost Photovoltaics: Recent …, 2020 - Springer
The passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept is currently rapidly being introduced
into industrial mass production and is expected to be the new silicon wafer based solar cell …
into industrial mass production and is expected to be the new silicon wafer based solar cell …
Impact of local back-surface-field thickness on open-circuit voltage in PERC solar cells: An experimental study applying ANOVA to determine critical sample size …
Sufficiently deep local back-surface-fields (LBSF) are crucial for achieving low contact
recombination and thus high solar cell efficiencies in passivated emitter and rear contact …
recombination and thus high solar cell efficiencies in passivated emitter and rear contact …