Paneth cells were first described in the late 19th century by Gustav Schwalbe and Josef
Paneth as columnar epithelial cells possessing prominent eosinophilic granules in their …

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to occurrence of many important chronic
inflammations-related diseases. So far the traditionally prescribed prebiotics and probiotics …

Rationale: Current diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia rely heavily on the
level and duration of oxygen therapy, do not reflect contemporary neonatal care, and do not …

Background Preterm birth remains a common cause of neonatal mortality, with a
disproportionately high burden in low-income and middle-income countries. Meta-analyses …

Importance Extremely preterm infants contribute disproportionately to neonatal morbidity
and mortality. Objective To review 20-year trends in maternal/neonatal care, complications …

Background Preterm birth is the leading cause of child mortality globally, with many
survivors experiencing long-term adverse consequences. Preliminary evidence suggests …

METHODS Retrospective cohort study of infants born from 22 to 29 weeks' gestation in 2018
at 715 US hospitals in the Vermont Oxford Network. Rates of BPD, major neonatal …

Background Data reported during the past 5 years indicate that rates of survival have
increased among infants born at the borderline of viability, but less is known about how …

In the developed world, extreme prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and
morbidity due to a combination of organ immaturity and iatrogenic injury. Until now, efforts to …

Objective To develop an accurate understanding of outcomes for necrotizing enterocolitis
(NEC) to inform parental counseling, clinical care, and research agendas. Study design A …