Conceptual design is a decisive stage in the new product development process and
responsible for the originality and uniqueness of a product. Also, it is in this stage where …

Get ready to be at the forefront of the future of urban development! As cities continue to
rapidly grow, the demand for sustainable and efficient infrastructure becomes more urgent …

The dynamics of systems of systems often involve complex interactions among the individual
systems, making the implications of design choices challenging to predict. Design features …

Abstract Systems-of-Systems (SoS) combine heterogeneous, independent systems to offer
complex functionalities for highly dynamic smart applications. Besides their dynamic …

Background: Replication is a recurrent issue in empirical software engineering (ESE).
Although it is a foundation of science, replication is hard to execute despite the many …

Abstract Background Systems-of-systems (SoS) are alliances of independent and
interoperable software-intensive systems. SoS often support critical domains, being required …

The increasing complexity and interconnectedness of diverse services have driven the
integration of software systems across various sectors, leading to complex, interconnected …

Over the years, knowledge on how to engineer software-intensive system-of-systems (SoS)
have been expanded and advanced. With the emergence of smart cities, which is a …

Context It has been argued that software engineering replications are useful for verifying the
results of previous experiments. However, it has not yet been agreed how to check whether …

Autonomous systems, such as drones and rescue robots, are increasingly used during
emergencies. They deliver services and provide situational awareness that facilitate …