Abstract The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is characterized by active geological and tectonic
processes, rapid geomorphological evolution, and distinct climatic diversity …

The evolving mosaic of tectonic plates across the surface of the Earth sets boundary
conditions for the evolution of biotic and abiotic processes and helps shape the dynamics of …

The drivers of the evolution of the South Asian Monsoon remain widely debated. An
intensification of monsoonal rainfall recorded in terrestrial and marine sediment archives …

The Asian monsoons are triggered by complex interactions between the atmosphere, Asian
and African orography, and the surrounding oceans, resulting in highly seasonal climate …

The establishment of continental-scale drainage systems on Earth is largely controlled by
topography related to plate boundary deformation and buoyant mantle. Drainage patterns of …

One of the most conspicuous features of a mountain belt is the main drainage divide. Divide
location is influenced by a number of parameters, including tectonic uplift and horizontal …

The surface of the Earth is the ever-changing expression of the dynamic processes
occurring at depth and at or above its surface. However, our ability to “read” landscapes in …

Abstract The East Africa-Arabia topographic swell is an anomalously high-elevation region
of~ 4000 km long (from southern Ethiopia to Jordan) and~ 1500 km wide (from Egypt to …

The extreme Mediterranean sea-level drop during the Messinian salinity crisis has been
known for> 50 years, but its amplitude and duration remain a challenge. Here we estimate …

The Messinian incised-valley fill (IVF) sediments of the Abu Madi Formation host the most
prolific gas-bearing sandstones in the onshore Nile Delta, Egypt. This study provides the first …