Tip** elements are components of the Earth system which may respond nonlinearly to
anthropogenic climate change by transitioning toward substantially different long‐term …

Argo, an international, global observational array of nearly 4,000 autonomous robotic
profiling floats, each measuring ocean temperature and salinity from 0 to 2,000 m on …

The AR5 concluded that human influence on the climate system is clear, evident from
increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing …

We present an unprecedented set of high‐resolution climate simulations, consisting of a 500‐
year pre‐industrial control simulation and a 250‐year historical and future climate simulation …

Poor air quality is currently responsible for large impacts on human health across the world.
In addition, the air pollutants ozone (O3) and particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter …

The ocean mixed layer is the interface between the ocean interior and the atmosphere or
sea ice and plays a key role in climate variability. It is thus critical that numerical models …

Abstract Purpose of Review Assessment of the impact of ocean resolution in Earth System
models on the mean state, variability, and future projections and discussion of prospects for …

Abstract The northeastern United States (NEUS) and the adjacent Northwest Atlantic Shelf
(NWS) have emerged as warming hotspots, but the connection between them remains …

The latest assessment report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
concluded that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) was very likely to …

Climate models are essential tools for investigating intrinsic North Atlantic variability related
to variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), but recent …