Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, deliver inhibitory signals that
regulate the balance between T cell activation, tolerance, and immunopathology. Immune …

T-cell activation and dysfunction relies on direct and modulated receptors. Based on their
functional outcome, co-signaling molecules can be divided as co-stimulators and co …

BACKGROUND: Melanoma tends to be refractory to various immunotherapies because of
tumor‐induced immunosuppression. To investigate the mechanism underlining the …

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is marked by profound defects in T-cell function. Programmed
death-1 is a receptor involved in tumor-mediated immunosuppression through binding of the …

Background T cell function is crucial for the success of several novel immunotherapeutic
strategies for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, changes in …

Immunotherapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific antibodies, and
immune checkpoint inhibitors, have emerged as promising modalities in multiple …

Simple Summary CCR4 is a chemokine receptor selectively expressed on normal T cell
subsets such as type 2 helper T cells, skin-homing T cells and regulatory T cells, and on skin …

Abstract Cutaneous CD4+ small/medium-sized pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma (CSTCL) is a
cutaneous T-cell lymphoma defined by a predominance of small-to-medium–sized CD4+ …

Rationale: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) exhibits a diverse outcome. Patients with
acute/subacute HP usually improve, whereas patients with chronic disease often progress to …

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) develops after infection with human T-cell leukemia
virus-1 (HTLV-1) after a long latency period. The negative regulatory programmed death …