There is increasing public, governmental and commercial interest in the welfare of
intensively farmed fish and stocking density has been highlighted as an area of particular …

Previous reviews of stress, and the stress hormone cortisol, in fish have focussed on
physiology, due to interest in impacts on aquaculture production. Here, we discuss cortisol in …

The brain, particularly the hypothalamus, integrates input from factors that stimulate
(orexigenic) and inhibit (anorexigenic) food intake. In fish, the identification of appetite …

Reactions to stress vary between individuals, and physiological and behavioral responses
tend to be associated in distinct suites of correlated traits, often termed stress-co** styles …

Global climate change is altering freshwater ecosystems and affecting fish populations and
communities. Underpinning changes in fish distribution and assemblage‐level responses to …

Social interactions in small groups of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lead to
the formation of dominance hierarchies. Dominant fish hold better positions in the …

European sea bass (initial weight 72±4g) were stocked in 200-L tanks at two densities: a low
density (LD)∼ 5.5 kgm− 3 and a high density (HD)∼ 36kgm− 3. The tanks were part of a …

In rainbow trout the magnitude of the cortisol response to stress shows both consistency
over time and a moderate to high degree of heritability, and high responding (HR) and low …

Combinations of stressors occur regularly throughout an animal's life, especially in
agriculture and aquaculture settings. If an animal fails to acclimate to these stressors, stress …

Post‐exercise mortality (PEM) may occur when fish exercise to exhaustion and are pushed
so far beyond their physiological limits that they can no longer sustain life. Although fish …