Recent global temperature reconstructions for the current interglacial period (the Holocene,
beginning 11,700 years ago) have generated contrasting trends. This Review examines …

Equilibrium climate sensitivity characterizes the Earth's long-term global temperature
response to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. It has reached almost iconic status …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

As the world warms due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves
toward climate states without societal precedent, challenging adaptation. Past Earth system …

Climate Variability and Change since 850 CE: An Ensemble Approach with the Community
Earth System Model in: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Volume 97 Issue 5 (2016) …

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM,~ 21,000 years ago) has been a major focus for evaluating
how well state-of-the-art climate models simulate climate changes as large as those …

Biomass burning impacts vegetation dynamics, biogeochemical cycling, atmospheric
chemistry, and climate, with sometimes deleterious socio-economic impacts. Under future …

The spatial context is critical when assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing
them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a …

The mid-Holocene (6000 years ago) is a standard experiment for the evaluation of the
simulated response of global climate models using paleoclimate reconstructions. The latest …

Monsoons are the dominant seasonal mode of climate variability in the tropics and are
critically important conveyors of atmospheric moisture and energy at a global scale …