An ionotronic device functions by a hybrid circuit of mobile ions and mobile electrons.
Hydrogels are stretchable, transparent, ionic conductors that can transmit electrical signals …

Abstract Magneto-/electro-responsive polymers (MERPs) are a class of stimuli-responsive
materials that are actuated when triggered by external magnetic/electric fields. MERPs …

Electronic skins (ie, stretchable sheets of distributed sensors) report signals using electrons,
whereas natural skins report signals using ions. Here, ionic conductors are used to create a …

Due to the inherent rigidity of hard materials, the adaptability and flexibility of traditional
robots are limited. Recently, soft robots became one of the most attractive areas. The …

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are widely exploited for actuating soft machines and
granting soft robots with capability to operate in both underwater and on‐land environments …

Hydrogels have been developed since the 1960s for applications in personal care,
medicine, and engineering. Evidence has accumulated that hydrogels under prolonged …

Flexible electronics have emerged as an exciting research area in recent years, serving as
ideal interfaces bridging biological systems and conventional electronic devices. Flexible …

With the popularity of intelligent terminals, flexible electronic products present a huge market
prospect. Tactile sensors are a new type of electronic devices which provide the possibility …

In the past decade, the development of theory has deeply revealed the electromechanical
coupling deformation mechanism of dielectric elastomer (DE). Many theoretical predictions …

There are numerous developments taking place in the field of biorobotics, and one such
recent breakthrough is the implementation of soft robots—a pathway to mimic nature's …