The mechanical antenna (MA) is a new type of low-frequency (LF) transmitting antenna that
generates an alternating electromagnetic (EM) signal through the mechanical movement of …

Finding an efficient way for underwater communication with a portable antenna at very low
frequency (VLF 3–30 kHz) is challenging since the conventional electrical antennas require …

Low frequency (LF) communication systems offer significant potential in internet of things
(IoT) applications due to their low propagation loss and long transmission range. However …

As a new type of super-low-frequency (SLF, 30–300 Hz) magnetic antenna, the permanent
magnetic mechanical antenna (PMMA) has great potential for applications in underwater …

An electret-based mechanical antenna (EBMA), which can transmit extremely low frequency
(ELF) electromagnetic signals, has the advantages of miniaturization and high transmitting …

Magnetoelectric (ME) antenna has proven to be an effective solution for antenna
miniaturization. In recent years, the ME antennas adopted for communication in atmospheric …

Extremely/super low frequency (ELF/SLF) electromagnetic (EM) waves offer efficient
propagation in challenging cross‐medium environments. However, conventional coil …

Magnetoelectric (ME) antennas utilize the direct or converse ME effects at acoustic
resonance to receive or transmit electromagnetic (EM) signals, making ultra-compact …

There are various advantages of low-frequency (LF) wireless communications such as
stable propagation characteristics and low transmission attenuation, especially in lossy …

The low-frequency (LF) magnetoelectric (ME) antenna is promising for underground
communication, especially in the Underground Internet of Things (UIoT). However, soil …