Open systems can only exist by self-organization as pulsing structures exchanging matter
and energy with the outer world. This review is an attempt to reveal the organizational …

The addition of poly (ADP-ribose)(PAR) chains along the chromatin fiber due to PARP1
activity regulates the recruitment of multiple factors to sites of DNA damage. In this …

We present a molecular sensor that reports, using fluorescence, on the degree of
macromolecular crowding in different cellular compartments. The oligonucleotide-based …

The packing and confinement of macromolecules in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm has
profound implications for cellular biochemistry. How intracellular density distributions vary …

The megabase-sized length of chromatin is highly relevant to the state of chromatin in vivo,
where it is subject to a highly crowded environment and is organized in topologically …

The recent development of nanoscale probes has enabled the study of single molecules
and single cells with unprecedented resolution and the expansion of the field of single-entity …

The nuclear pore complexes on the nuclear membrane serve as the exclusive gateway for
communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, regulating the transport of various …

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is an intricate protein structure located on the nuclear
envelope that functions as the sole gateway for nuclear cytoplasm transport. Our …

Mechanical properties across different scales are essential for establishing the necessary
organization and structure for biological cells to function, with changes therein associated …

Cultured cell manipulation by the intracellular delivery of exogenous biomolecules like DNA
and proteins is the cornerstone of modern experimental cell biology. The intracellular …