Spintronic devices for high-density memory and neuromorphic computing–A review

BJ Chen, M Zeng, KH Khoo, D Das, X Fong, S Fukami… - Materials Today, 2023 - Elsevier
Spintronics is a growing research field that focuses on exploring materials and devices that
take advantage of the electron's “spin” to go beyond charge based devices. The most …

Massively parallel probabilistic computing with sparse Ising machines

NA Aadit, A Grimaldi, M Carpentieri, L Theogarajan… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
Solving computationally hard problems using conventional computing architectures is often
slow and energetically inefficient. Quantum computing may help with these challenges, but it …

Spintronic materials and devices towards an artificial neural network: accomplishments and the last mile

R Ismael Salinas, PC Chen, CY Yang… - Materials Research …, 2023 - Taylor & Francis
Neuromorphic computing based on brain-inspired frameworks has shown its potential to
perform computation with remarkable power and speed efficiency. The spintronic device has …

Restricted Boltzmann Machines Implemented by Spin–Orbit Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

X Li, C Wan, R Zhang, M Zhao, S **ong, D Kong… - Nano Letters, 2024 - ACS Publications
Artificial intelligence has surged forward with the advent of generative models, which rely
heavily on stochastic computing architectures enhanced by true random number generators …

Nanosecond true-random-number generation with superparamagnetic tunnel junctions: Identification of Joule heating and spin-transfer-torque effects

L Schnitzspan, M Kläui, G Jakob - Physical Review Applied, 2023 - APS
This work investigates nanosecond superparamagnetic switching in 50-nm-diameter in-
plane magnetized magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Due to the small in-plane uniaxial …

Random bitstream generation using voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy and spin orbit torque magnetic tunnel junctions

S Liu, J Kwon, PW Bessler, SG Cardwell… - IEEE Journal on …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Probabilistic computing using random number generators (RNGs) can leverage the inherent
stochasticity of nanodevices for system-level benefits. Device candidates for this application …

Magnetic tunnel junction random number generators applied to dynamically tuned probability trees driven by spin orbit torque

A Maicke, J Arzate, S Liu, J Kwon, JD Smith… - …, 2024 - iopscience.iop.org
Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ)-based true-random number generators
(RNGs) can consume orders of magnitude less energy per bit than CMOS pseudo-RNGs …

Nanosecond stochastic operation in perpendicular superparamagnetic tunnel junctions

L Soumah, L Desplat, NT Phan, ASE Valli… - arxiv preprint arxiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
We demonstrate the miniaturization of perpendicularly magnetized superparamagnetic
tunnel junctions (SMTJs) down to 50 nm in diameter. We experimentally show stochastic …

Voltage-insensitive stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions with double free layers

R Ota, K Kobayashi, K Hayakawa, S Kanai… - Applied Physics …, 2024 - pubs.aip.org
Stochastic magnetic tunnel junction (s-MTJ) is a promising component of probabilistic bit (p-
bit), which plays a pivotal role in probabilistic computers. For a standard cell structure of the …

Effect of stochastic activation function on reconstruction performance of restricted Boltzmann machines with stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions

M Zeng, Z Li, JW Saw, B Chen - Applied Physics Letters, 2024 - pubs.aip.org
Stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (SMTJs) emerge as a promising candidate for
neuromorphic computing. The inherent stochasticity of SMTJs makes them ideal for …