Many crystallization processes of great importance, including frost heave, biomineralization,
the synthesis of nanomaterials, and scale formation, occur in small volumes rather than bulk …

Hard, or stony, corals make rocks that can, on geological time scales, lead to the formation of
massive reefs in shallow tropical and subtropical seas. In both historical and contemporary …

Stony corals are colonial cnidarians that sustain the most biodiverse marine ecosystems on
Earth: coral reefs. Despite their ecological importance, little is known about the cell types …

Modern synthetic technology generally invokes high temperatures to control the hydration
level of ceramics, but even the state-of-the-art technology can still only control the overall …

Ionic conductive hydrogels are promising candidates for flexible wearable strain sensors
and artificial skin. However, achieving high mechanical and sensing performance …

The combination of thermal stress and ocean acidification (OA) can more negatively affect
coral calcification than an individual stressors, but the mechanism behind this interaction is …

As the key intermediate phase of crystalline calcium carbonate biominerals, amorphous
calcium carbonate (ACC) remains mysterious in its structures because of its long‐range …

Knowledge of the mineralogy of coral skeletons is essential for understanding the sensitivity
of corals to climate change, particularly ocean acidification. Although it is well known that …

The widespread loss of stony reef-building coral populations has been compounded by the
low settlement and survival of coral juveniles. To rebuild coral communities, restoration …

Coral skeletons are materials composed of inorganic aragonitic fibres and organic
molecules including proteins, sugars and lipids that are highly organized to form a solid …