This study reviews whether oil prices (OP) in Venezuela affect inflation (INF) in the presence
of geopolitical risk (GPR). The country is exceedingly dependent on oil results in geopolitical …

China's economic and social development relies heavily on crude oil, which it imports and
consumes more than any other country. Thus, the country's oil security is crucial …

Precious metals and traditional energy prices are shaken by geopolitical tension, financial
instability, rising inflation, declining economic growth, and financial markets. In addition …

We investigate the impact of geopolitical risks caused by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on
Russia, European financial markets, and the global commodity markets. We measure the …

We construct a new index to measure the intensity of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and use it
to examine to what extent and through which channels does this conflict affect the volatility …

This paper examines the asymmetric effects of the United States Economic Policy
Uncertainty (USEPU), Geopolitical Threats (GPRT), Geopolitical Acts (GPRA), and the West …

In this paper, we use the improved Diebold & Yilmaz method based on TVP-VAR-SV model
to analyze dynamic connectedness between energy, precious metal, industrial metal …

Despite sanctions and public demand for companies to exit the Russian market due to its
2022 invasion of Ukraine, several firms chose to keep their businesses operating in Russia …

Since the end of the Cold War, the sanctions against Russia have been the harshest and
most costly imposed on a major economy. They appear to be unprecedented in terms of …

Abstract As the Russo–Ukrainian conflict obstructs the vast wheat production of Ukraine, we
investigate the relationship over crises between geopolitical risk and prices of essential food …