In this paper, an extended SEIR model with a vaccination compartment is proposed to
simulate the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread in Saudi Arabia. The model …

Abstract The Red Sea, home to the second-longest coral reef system in the world, is a vital
resource for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Red Sea provides 90% of the Kingdom's …

Spatial‐temporal submesoscale variabilities in the upper Red Sea and their generation
mechanisms, including frontogenesis, mixed‐layer instability (MLI), and symmetric instability …

Abstract Ensemble Kalman Filters (EnKFs), which assimilate observations based on
statistics derived from an ensemble of samples of ocean states, have become the norm for …

Prediction of chaotic systems relies on a floating fusion of sensor data (observations) with a
numerical model to decide on a good system trajectory and to compensate non-linear …

As a semienclosed marginal sea, the Red Sea connects with the open ocean through a
narrow strait at its southern end, known as the Bab-al-Mandeb (BAM) strait. The water …

This paper develops a new approach for solving optimal time and energy trajectory planning
problems for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) in transient, 3D, ocean currents …

Ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) is a variant of the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) that
operates with a static ensemble to drastically reduce its computational cost. The idea is to …

A multiobjective, risk-aware framework is developed for optimal path planning of
autonomous underwater vehicles operating in uncertain current. The uncertainty in the …

Abstract Several ensemble-based Data Assimilation (DA) methods rely on a
propagate/update cycle, where a potentially compute intensive simulation code propagates …