The Lawson criterion is a key concept in the pursuit of fusion energy, relating the fuel density
n, pulse duration τ or energy confinement time τ E, and fuel temperature T to the energy gain …

In this paper, we review the thermal plasma confinement and transport properties observed
and predicted in low aspect ratio tokamaks, or spherical tokamaks (STs), which can depart …

STEP is a spherical tokamak prototype power plant that is being designed to demonstrate
net electric power. The design phase involves the exploitation of plasma models to optimise …

The programme to design plasma scenarios for the Spherical Tokamak for Energy
Production (STEP), a reactor concept aiming at net electricity production, seeks to exploit the …

The work presents the results of the energy confinement study carried out on the compact
spherical tokamak Globus-M2 with a toroidal magnetic field as high as 0.8 T. A reproducible …

Despite several decades of dedicated R&D, fusion, a potentially world-changing energy
source, remains decades away from commercialisation. The majority of development thus …

Entering its final construction phase, the international fusion experiment, ITER, will
demonstrate much of the science and technology for net fusion gain. In parallel, major …

Recent US fusion development strategy reports all recommend that the US should pursue
innovative science and technology to enable construction of a fusion pilot plant (FPP) that …

The international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) is a worldwide project currently
being built in France for the demonstration of the feasibility of thermonuclear technologies …

Abstract The SMall Aspect Ratio Tokamak (SMART) is a new spherical machine that is
currently being constructed at the University of Seville (Mancini et al., 2021; Agredano …