Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a powerful noninvasive technique for
monitoring fouling in membrane filtration systems for water and wastewater treatment and …

The high efficiency, anti-fouling performance and long-term stability of photocatalytic
membrane reactors (PMRs) are critical in practical applications. Here, three flat-sheet …

Since adhesive membrane fouling is critically determined by the interfacial interaction
between a foulant and a rough membrane surface, efficient quantification of the interfacial …

Bifunctional photocatalytic nanofiltration (PNF) membrane has become a reliable frontier
technique for removing refractory organic micropollutants. However, the active mitigated …

Polymeric membranes serve as vital separation materials in diverse energy and
environmental applications. A comprehensive understanding of three-dimensional (3D) …

Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most fundamental membrane technology because it has
higher salt rejections, which suffers from the issue of membrane fouling, as the membrane is …

Hydraulically irreversible membrane fouling is a major problem encountered during
membrane-based water purification. Membrane foulants present large hydrophobic …

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are crucial for water purification and desalination, facing
challenges like balancing permeate flux and rejection, dealing with membrane fouling, and …

Membrane biofouling poses a serious challenge in reverse osmosis (RO) plants used for
water recovery, which cannot be addressed by traditional chlorine-based cleaning agents …

Membrane-based wastewater reclamation is used to mitigate water scarcity; however,
irreversible biofouling is an elusive problem that hinders the efficiency of a forward-osmosis …