Transcranial (electro) magnetic stimulation (TMS) is currently the method of choice to non-
invasively induce neural activity in the human brain. A single transcranial stimulus induces a …

The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di
Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial …

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a widely used non-invasive
neuromodulatory technique. When applied in sleep medicine, the main hypothesis …

Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation
or transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation, are advocated as measures to …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a powerful tool to probe in vivo brain circuits, as it
allows to assess several cortical properties such as excitability, plasticity and connectivity in …

Sex hormone concentrations of eumenorrheic women typically fluctuate across the
menstrual cycle and can affect neural function such that estrogen has neuroexcitatory …

These guidelines provide an up-date of previous IFCN report on “Non-invasive electrical
and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures …

Muscle fatigue is an exercise-induced reduction in maximal voluntary muscle force. It may
arise not only because of peripheral changes at the level of the muscle, but also because …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive tool for the electrical stimulation
of neural tissue, including cerebral cortex, spinal roots, and cranial and peripheral nerves …

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) procedures are being widely applied in
therapeutic and investigative studies. Numerous studies have investigated the effects of …