Phenotypic plasticity, the property by which living organisms express different phenotypes
depending on environmental conditions, can impact their response to environmental …

Recent advances in fabrication and processing methods have spurred many breakthroughs
in the field of nanostructures that provide novel ways of manipulating light interaction on a …

Combining vapour sensors into arrays is an accepted compromise to mitigate poor
selectivity of conventional sensors. Here we show individual nanofabricated sensors that not …

Some butterfly species such as the orange oakleaf (Kallima inachus) have strikingly different
colors on the dorsal (front) sides of their wings compared to those on the ventral (back) sides …

The cuticular skeleton of a butterfly wing scale cell is an exquisitely finely sculpted material
that can contain pigments, produce structural colors, or both. While cuticle rigidity and …

The formation of the biophotonic gyroid material in butterfly wing scales is an exceptional
feat of evolutionary engineering of functional nanostructures. It is hypothesized that this …

While surface microstructures of butterfly wings have been extensively studied for their
structural coloration or optical properties within the visible spectrum, their properties in …

Butterflies display some of the most striking examples of structural colour in nature. These
colours originate from cuticular scales that cover the wing surface, which have evolved a …

Butterfly scales are among the richest natural sources of optical nanostructures, which
produce structural color and iridescence. Several recurring nanostructure types have been …

In diverse organisms, nanostructures that coherently scatter light create structural color, but
how such structures are built remains mysterious. We investigate the evolution and genetic …