Bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of worldwide disability among mood disorders.
Pathological mechanisms are still vastly unclear, and current treatments with conventional …

Mood disorders have been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the
leading cause of disability worldwide. Notwithstanding the established efficacy of …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is strongly associated with immune dysfunction. Replicated
epidemiological studies have demonstrated that BD has high rates of inflammatory medical …

Abstract The American Medical Association recently recognized obesity as both an illness
and a leading cause of preventable death and chronic disease. This association is not only …

BACKGROUND: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing cytokine
concentrations between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy control subjects …

Background Most adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) fail to achieve remission with
index pharmacological treatment. Moreover, at least half will not achieve and sustain …

There is increasing confusion about the meaning of the terms inflammation,
neuroinflammation, and microglial inflammation. We aim in this review to achieve greater …

Rates of obesity are higher than normal across a range of psychiatric disorders, including
major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders. While the …

For the past 2 decades, clinically severe obesity (operationalized as a body mass index≥
40 kg/m 2) has increased at a more pronounced rate that less severe obesity. As a result, the …

Maes M, Kubera M, Leunis J‐C, Berk M, Geffard M, Bosmans E. In depression, bacterial
translocation may drive inflammatory responses, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) …