The transfer of organic carbon from the upper to the deep ocean by particulate export flux is
the starting point for the long-term storage of photosynthetically fixed carbon. This 'biological …

Optical particle measurements are emerging as an important technique for understanding
the ocean carbon cycle, including contributions to estimates of their downward flux, which …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Algal carbon‐to‐nitrogen (C: N) and carbon‐to‐phosphorus (C: P) ratios are fundamental for
understanding many oceanic biogeochemical processes, such as nutrient flux and climate …

The oceanic biological carbon pump (BCP) regulates the Earth carbon cycle by transporting
part of the photosynthetically fixed CO2 into the deep ocean. Suppressing this mechanism …

Accurate representation of the remineralization of sinking organic matter is crucial for
reliable projections of the marine carbon cycle. Both water temperature and oxygen …

Sinking particles are critical to the ocean's “biological pump,” sequestering carbon from the
atmosphere. Particles' sinking speeds are a primary factor determining fluxes and …

Marine particles are key to the cycling of major elements on Earth and play an important role
in the balance of nutrients in the ocean. Three main categories of marine particles link the …

The oceans play a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle, providing a sink for
atmospheric carbon. Key to this role is the vertical transport of organic carbon from the …

Accurate predictive modeling of the ocean's global carbon and oxygen cycles is challenging
because of uncertainties in both biogeochemistry and ocean circulation. Advances over the …