Spin-orbit coupling in inversion-asymmetric magnetic crystals and structures has emerged
as a powerful tool to generate complex magnetic textures, interconvert charge and spin …

Spin electronics is a rapidly expanding field stimulated by a strong synergy between
breakthrough basic research discoveries and industrial applications in the fields of magnetic …

Spin-transfer-torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) devices store
information in the orientation of the magnetization of nanometre-scale ferromagnetic …

Spintronics is one of the emerging research fields in nanotechnology and has been growing
very rapidly. Studies of spintronics were started after the discovery of giant …

The magnetization of a magnetic material can be reversed by using electric currents that
transport spin angular momentum. In the reciprocal process a changing magnetization …

For reliable operation, individual cells of an STT-MRAM memory array must meet specific
requirements on their performance. In this work we review some of these requirements and …

Spin-orbit torques induced by spin Hall and interfacial effects in heavy metal/ferromagnetic
bilayers allow for a switching geometry based on in-plane current injection. Using this …

The quest for novel low-dissipation devices is one of the most critical for the future of
semiconductor technology and nano-systems. The development of a low-power, universal …

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is a novel, magnetic
memory technology that leverages the base platform established by an existing 100+ nm …

This tutorial article introduces the physics of spin transfer torques in magnetic devices. Our
intention is that it be accessible to beginning graduate students. We provide an elementary …