Light profoundly affects our mental and physical health. In particular, light, when not
delivered at the appropriate time, may have detrimental effects. In mammals, light is …

An ultimate goal in retina science is to understand how the neural circuit of the retina
processes natural visual scenes. Yet most studies in laboratories have long been performed …

Death is defined as the irreversible cessation of circulatory, respiratory or brain activity.
Many peripheral human organs can be transplanted from deceased donors using protocols …

Purpose: To examine the interactions between accommodation and overstimulation of the
retinal ON-and OFF-pathways, and their association with changes in choroidal thickness …

A future artificial retina that can restore high acuity vision in blind people will rely on the
capability to both read (observe) and write (control) the spiking activity of neurons using an …

The eye sends information about the visual world to the brain on over 20 parallel signal
pathways, each specialized to signal features such as spectral reflection (color), edges, and …

Background: Innovations in engineering and neuroscience have enabled the development
of sophisticated visual prosthetic devices. In clinical trials, these devices have provided …

Objective. Vision restoration with retinal implants is limited by indiscriminate simultaneous
activation of many cells and cell types, which is incompatible with reproducing the neural …

The retinal output is the sole source of visual information for the brain. Studies in non-
primate mammals estimate that this information is carried by several dozens of retinal …

In primates including humans, most retinal ganglion cells send signals to the lateral
geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus. The anatomical and functional properties of the …