Cadmium (Cd), a prevalent environmental contaminant, exerts widespread toxic effects on
human health through various biochemical and molecular mechanisms. This review …

Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is characterized by an extensive oxidative stress.
However, its source, pathophysiological role and possible therapeutic potential if targeted …

Microplastics (MPs) pollution is identified as an important new global change factor
potentially influencing ecosystem functions and services. MPs have been shown to strongly …

Increased oxidative stress has been suggested to initiate and promote tumorigenesis by
inducing DNA damage and to suppress tumor development by triggering apoptosis and …

Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) and oxidative stress in the respiratory
system increase the production of mediators of pulmonary inflammation and initiate or …

Detailed studies in the past two decades have shown that redox active metals like iron (Fe),
copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co) and other metals undergo redox cycling reactions …

Stroke is the second leading cause of death, after ischemic heart disease, and accounts for
9% of deaths worldwide. According to the World Health Organization [WHO], 15 million …

The worldwide rising prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance is associated with a
parallel increase in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is characterized by …

Cancer remains one of the major causes of death globally, with one out of every six deaths
attributed to the disease. The impact of cancer is felt on psychological, physical, and …

Glioblastoma patients have a poor prognosis mainly due to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance.
NRF2 is an important transcript factor involved in chemotherapy resistance due to its …