BACKGROUND Conformational changes are essential for the correct functioning of
biological macromolecules. Time-resolved x-ray crystallography extends an extremely …

A new scientific frontier opened in 2009 with the start of operations of the world's first x-ray
free-electron laser (FEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), at SLAC National …

We review the tremendous advances in ultrafast X-ray science, over the past 15 years,
making the best use of new ultrashort X-ray sources including table-top or large-scale …

Haemoglobin (Hb) is widely known as the iron-containing protein in blood that is essential
for O 2 transport in mammals. Less widely recognised is that erythrocyte Hb belongs to a …

The metal centres in metalloenzymes and molecular catalysts are responsible for the
rearrangement of atoms and electrons during complex chemical reactions, and they enable …

The hemoprotein myoglobin is a model system for the study of protein dynamics. We used
time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography at an x-ray free-electron laser to resolve …

High-intensity femtosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser enable pump–probe
experiments for the investigation of electronic and nuclear changes during light-induced …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

The dynamics of proteins in solution includes a variety of processes, such as backbone and
side-chain fluctuations, interdomain motions, as well as global rotational and translational …

Light-driven chemical transformations provide a compelling approach to understanding
chemical reactivity with the potential to use this understanding to advance solar energy and …