Cells and tissues generate and are exposed to various mechanical forces that act across a
range of scales, from tissues to cells to organelles. Forces provide crucial signals to inform …

Methods for culturing mammalian cells ex vivo are increasingly needed to study cell and
tissue physiology and to grow replacement tissue for regenerative medicine. Two …

Cells within tissues are continuously exposed to physical forces including hydrostatic
pressure, shear stress, and compression and tension forces. Cells dynamically adapt to …

Microscale technologies are emerging as powerful tools for tissue engineering and
biological studies. In this review, we present an overview of these technologies in various …

Tissue stiffening is a hallmark of fibrotic disorders but has traditionally been regarded as an
outcome of fibrosis, not a contributing factor to pathogenesis. In this study, we show that …

In situ, cells are highly sensitive to geometrical and mechanical constraints from their
microenvironment. These parameters are, however, uncontrolled under classic culture …

In breast cancer, the increased stiffness of the extracellular matrix is a key driver of
malignancy. Yet little is known about the epigenomic changes that underlie the tumorigenic …

Cells sense mechanical signals from their microenvironment and transduce them to the
nucleus to regulate gene expression programs. To elucidate the physical mechanisms …

Biophysical signals act as potent regulators of stem cell function, lineage commitment, and
epigenetic status. In recent years, synthetic biomaterials have been used to study a wide …

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into
many cell types. Chondrogenesis is induced in hMSCs cultured as a micromass pellet to …