Cancer is a clonal disorder derived from a single ancestor cell and its progenies that are
positively selected by acquisition of 'driver mutations'. However, the evolution of positively …

Tumorigenesis begins long before the growth of a clinically detectable lesion and, indeed,
even before any of the usual morphological correlates of pre-malignancy are recognizable …

The spread of cancer cells from primary tumors to regional lymph nodes is often associated
with reduced survival. One prevailing model to explain this association posits that fatal …

Increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients has
been attributed to long-standing chronic inflammation, with the contribution of genetic …

Rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing and a growing realization of the importance
of evolutionary theory to cancer genomics have led to a proliferation of phylogenetic studies …

Bioresponsive polymers have been widely used in drug delivery because of their
degradability. For example, poly (disulfide) s with repeating disulfide bonds in the main …

Recent data on DNA sequencing of human tumours have established that cancer cells
contain thousands of mutations. These data support the concept that cancer cells express a …

The somatic mutation theory of aging posits that the accumulation of mutations in the genetic
material of somatic cells as a function of time results in a decrease in cellular function. In …

Genetic diversity among metastases is poorly understood but contains important information
about disease evolution at secondary sites. Here we investigate inter-and intra-lesion …

Optimizing the management of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in IBD requires a fundamental
understanding of the evolutionary process underpinning tumorigenesis. In IBD, clonal …