Pharmacogenetics is the study of how interindividual variations in the DNA sequence of
specific genes affect drug response. This article highlights current pharmacogenetic …

Drug transporters are increasingly recognized to be important to drug disposition and
response. P‐glycoprotein, the encoded product of the human MDR1 (ABCB1) gene, is of …

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) rank as one of the top 10 leading causes of death and
illness in developed countries. ADRs show differential features depending upon genotype …

CYP2C9 is a phase I drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme isoform that
plays a major role in the oxidation of both xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. Gray et …

Drug lag, recently discussed extensively in Japan, can be divided into two phases: clinical
development time and application review time. The former factor is still an important problem …

Introduction: The frequency of CYP2D6 alleles, related to either a lack of or increased
enzymatic activity, which may lead to poor metabolism (PM) or ultrarapid metabolism (UM) …

The present study evaluates the worldwide frequency distribution of CYP2C19 alleles and
CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes ('predicted'from genotypes and 'measured'with a probe …

Warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant, but there is greater than 10-fold
interindividual variability in the dose required to attain a therapeutic response. Information …

Objectives CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 belong to a subfamily of cytochrome P450
(CYP) enzymes, associated mainly with the metabolism of exogenous compounds in the …

Background & Aims: The MDR1 gene encodes P-glycoprotein 170, an efflux transporter that
is highly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. The MDR1 exonic single nucleotide …