Since the beginning of the SAIBA effort to unify key interfaces in the multi-modal behavior
generation process, the Behavior Markup Language (BML) has both gained ground as an …

Virtual humans and social robots frequently generate behaviors that human observers
naturally see as expressing emotion. In this review article, we highlight that these …

Virtual agents are systems that add a social dimension to computing, often featuring not only
natural language input but also an embodiment or avatar. This allows them to take on a …

Animated characters that move and gesticulate appropriately with spoken text are useful in a
wide range of applications. Unfortunately, this class of movement is very difficult to generate …

Psychologists have long explored mechanisms with which humans recognize other humans'
affective states from modalities, such as voice and face display. This exploration has led to …

Our aim is to create an affective embodied conversational agent (ECA); that is an ECA able
to display communicative and emotional signals. Nonverbal communication is done through …

In this paper we present our work toward the creation of a multimodal expressive Embodied
Conversational Agent (ECA). Our agent, called Greta, exhibits nonverbal behaviors …

The empirical investigation of human gesture stands at the center of multiple research
disciplines, and various gesture annotation schemes exist, with varying degrees of precision …

Virtual humans still lack naturalness in their nonverbal behaviour. We present a data-driven
solution that moves towards a more natural synthesis of hand and arm gestures by …

Convincing conversational agents require a coherent set of behavioral responses that can
be interpreted by a human observer as indicative of a personality. This paper discusses the …