Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural
language understanding and generation across various domains, including medicine. We …

The limitations of the classical or traditional paradigm of decision research are increasingly
apparent, even though there has been a substantial body of empirical research on medical …

In an attempt to overcome limitations inherent in conventional computer-aided diagnosis,
investigators have created programs that simulate expert human reasoning. Hopes that such …

Abstract Machine learning promises to revolutionize clinical decision making and diagnosis.
In medical diagnosis a doctor aims to explain a patient's symptoms by determining the …

Due largely to developments made in artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology during
the past two decades, expertise has become an important subject for scholarly …

When the first edition of Clinical Decision Support Systems was published in 1999, I began
the preface with the statement,“We are at the beginning of a new era in the application of …

The study of expertise has a very long history that has been discussed in several other
chapters in this handbook (Ericsson, Chapter 1.1; Amirault & Branson, Chapter 2.2). The …

Most artificial intelligence research investigates intelligent behavior for a single agent--
solving problems heuristically, understanding natural language, and so on. Distributed …

The techniques of propositionol analysis are used to examine the protocols of seven
cardiologists in a task involving the diagnosis of a case of acute bacterial endocarditis and …

This paper introduces a representation of evidential relationships which permits updating of
belief in two simultaneous modes: causal (ie top-down) and diagnostic (ie bottom-up). It …