Two different perspectives have informed efforts to explain the link between the brain and
behaviour. One approach seeks to identify neural circuit elements that carry out specific …

Computational models in neuroscience usually take the form of systems of differential
equations. The behaviour of such systems is the subject of dynamical systems theory …

Significant experimental, computational, and theoretical work has identified rich structure
within the coordinated activity of interconnected neural populations. An emerging challenge …

Cognition can be defined as computation over meaningful representations in the brain to
produce adaptive behaviour. There are two views on the relationship between cognition and …

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are essential tools in machine learning that have drawn
increasing attention in neuroscience. Besides offering powerful techniques for data analysis …

The brain has the ability to flexibly perform many tasks, but the underlying mechanism
cannot be elucidated in traditional experimental and modeling studies designed for one task …

The frontal lobes are important for cognitive control, yet their functional organization remains
controversial. An influential class of theory proposes that the frontal lobes are organized …

Working memory (WM) is a fundamental aspect of cognition. WM maintenance is classically
thought to rely on stable patterns of neural activities. However, recent evidence shows that …

Perceptions, thoughts, and actions unfold over millisecond timescales, while learned
behaviors can require many days to mature. While recent experimental advances enable …

Statistical regularities in the environment create prior beliefs that we rely on to optimize our
behavior when sensory information is uncertain. Bayesian theory formalizes how prior …