Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease,
the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For …

In recent years a substantial number of findings have been made in the area of
immunometabolism, by which we mean the changes in intracellular metabolic pathways in …

Background Glutamine is thought to have beneficial effects on the metabolic and stress
response to severe injury. Clinical trials involving patients with burns and other critically ill …

Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a key molecule in the Krebs cycle determining the overall rate
of the citric acid cycle of the organism. It is a nitrogen scavenger and a source of glutamate …

Immunomodulation of the immune system by stimulating or suppressing one or both arms, is
an emerging concept driven by the understanding of the host defense system. In particular …

A deficiency of dietary protein or amino acids has long been known to impair immune
function and increase the susceptibility of animals and humans to infectious disease …

Glutamine is normally considered to be a nonessential amino acid. However, recent studies
have provided evidence that glutamine may become “conditionally essential” during …

In this consensus statement on immunonutrition and exercise, a panel of knowledgeable
contributors from across the globe provides a consensus of updated science, including the …

Critical Care Medicine SCCM Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Critical Care Explorations Log in or
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Glutamine and glutamate with proline, histidine, arginine and ornithine, comprise 25% of the
dietary amino acid intake and constitute the “glutamate family” of amino acids, which are …